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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hepato</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Анналы хирургической гепатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Annaly khirurgicheskoy gepatologii = Annals of HPB Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5464</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НЭИКОН ИСП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16931/1995-5464.2016293-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hepato-152</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПЕРВИЧНАЯ ПРОФИЛАКТИКА КРОВОТЕЧЕНИЙ ИЗ ВАРИКОЗНО РАСШИРЕННЫХ ВЕН ПИЩЕВОДА И ЖЕЛУДКА У БОЛЬНЫХ ПОРТАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PRIMARY PREVENTION OF BLEEDING FROM ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VARICES IN PATIENTS WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манукьян</surname><given-names>Г. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manukyan</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерцингер</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shertsinger</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигалова</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhigalova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жигалова Светлана Борисовна — доктор мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения экстренной хирургии и портальной гипертензии </p><p>Для корреспонденции: Жигалова Светлана Борисовна — 109431 Москва, Жулебинский бульвар, д. 33, корп. 1, кв. 38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhigalova Svetlana Borisovna — Doct. of Med. Sci., Senior Researcher of the Department of Emergency Surgery and Portal Hypertension </p><p>For correspondence: Zhigalova Svetlana Borisovna — Apt. 38, building 1, d.33, Zhulebinsky Boulevard, Moscow, 109431, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhigalova06@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартиросян</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martirosyan</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"/><bio xml:lang="en"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ “Российский научный центр хирургии им. акад. Б.В. Петровского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B.V. Petrovsky Russian Research Center of Surgery.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Манукьян Г.B., Шерцингер А.Г., Жигалова С.Б., Семенова Т.С., Мартиросян Р.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Манукьян Г.B., Шерцингер А.Г., Жигалова С.Б., Семенова Т.С., Мартиросян Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manukyan G.V., Shertsinger A.G., Zhigalova S.V., Semenova T.S., Martirosyan R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hepato.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/152">https://hepato.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/152</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы проведен анализ состояния проблемы первичной профилактики кровотечения из варикозно расширенных вен пищевода и желудка у пациентов с портальной гипертензией. Рассмотрены основные взгляды на механизмы развития кровотечения, изучение которых играет важную роль в разработке патогенетически обоснованных мер первичной профилактики. Продемонстрирована роль точности диагностики состояния варикозно расширенных вен пищевода и желудка для прогнозирования риска кровотечения. Рассмотрены варианты первичной профилактики кровотечения из варикозно расширенных вен с использованием медикаментозных, эндоскопических, хирургических и рентгенэндоваскулярных технологий. Дана характеристика различным медикаментозным средствам для первичной профилактики кровотечения из варикозно расширенных вен в зависимости от характера основного заболевания и степени компенсации. Приведены сравнительные данные миниинвазивных методов первичной профилактики — эндоскопических, рентгенэндоваскулярных и традиционного медикаментозного лечения. Авторы обсуждают некоторые нерешенные проблемы первичной профилактики кровотечения у больных с внутрипеченочной и внепеченочной портальной гипертензией, а также при преимущественном распространении варикозных вен в желудке.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of primary prevention of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in patients with portal hypertension is discussed in the review. It was analyzed main views on the mechanisms of bleeding whose study is important to define pathogenetic primary prevention. The role of accurate diagnosis of the esophageal and gastric varices state is presented to predict the risk of bleeding. It was reviewed the variants of primary prevention of bleeding using medical, endoscopic, surgical and X-ray endovascular techniques. Also different drugs for primary prevention of bleeding were characterized depending on main disease nature and degree of compensation. Minimally invasive methods for primary prevention including endoscopic, endovascular techniques and medical therapy were compared. The authors discuss some unsolved problems of primary prevention of bleeding in patients with intrahepatic and extrahepatic portal hypertension, as well as in primary distribution of varices in stomach.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>цирроз</kwd><kwd>портальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>кровотечение</kwd><kwd>первичная профилактика</kwd><kwd>варикозное расширение вен</kwd><kwd>эндоскопическое лигирование</kwd><kwd>β-блокаторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>portal hypertension</kwd><kwd>bleeding</kwd><kwd>primary prevention</kwd><kwd>varicose veins</kwd><kwd>endoscopic ligation</kwd><kwd>в-blockers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Борисов А.Е., Кащенко В.А., Распереза Д.В., Сергеев П.В. Анализ результатов лечения больных с острым кровотечением в Санкт-Петербурге. 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