<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hepato</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Анналы хирургической гепатологии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Annaly khirurgicheskoy gepatologii = Annals of HPB Surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5464</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9524</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НЭИКОН ИСП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16931/1995-5464.2018237-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hepato-327</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ЛОКАЛЬНОЙ ДЕСТРУКЦИИ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ В ГЕПАТОПАНКРЕАТОБИЛИАРНОЙ ХИРУРГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LOCAL DESTRUCTION OF NEOPLASMS IN HEPATOPANCREATOBILIARY SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Криодеструкция при местнораспространенном раке поджелудочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cryoablation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионкин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionkin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения хирургии печени и поджелудочной железы ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сand. of Med. Sci., Senior Research Fellow of the Department of Liver and Pancreatic Surgery of Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ionkin@ixv.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карельская</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karelskaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения рентгенологии и магнитно-резонансных исследований с кабинетом ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Виш невского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Med. Sci., Senior Research Fellow of the Radiology Department, Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник научно-организационного отдела ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”; профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики ИПО ФГАОУ ВО “Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doct. of Med. Sci., Senior Research Fellow of the Scientific Organizational Department, Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery; Professor of the Chair of Radiological Diagnosis, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Земсков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemskov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор, руководитель группы клинической иммунологии ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doct. of Med. Sci., Professor, Head of Clinical Immunology Group, Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник группы клинической иммунологии ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Med. Sci., Senior Research Fellow of Clinical Immunology Group, Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жаворонкова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhavoronkova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения рентгенологии и магнитно-резонансных исследований с кабинетом ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. of Med. Sci., Senior Research Fellow of Radiology Department, Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжао</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chzhao</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор, заместитель директора по научной и клинической работе, руководитель Центра абдоминальной хирургии ФГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии им. А.В. Вишневского”</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doct. of Med. Sci., Professor, Deputy Director for Science and Medicine of Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии имени А.В. Вишневского” Минздрава России, Москва<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУ “НМИЦ хирургии имени А.В. Вишневского” Минздрава России, Москва;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery, Moscow;&#13;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of Healthcare Ministry of the Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ионкин Д.А., Карельская Н.А., Степанова Ю.А., Земсков В.М., Козлова М.Н., Жаворонкова О.А., Чжао А.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ионкин Д.А., Карельская Н.А., Степанова Ю.А., Земсков В.М., Козлова М.Н., Жаворонкова О.А., Чжао А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ionkin D.A., Karelskaya N.A., Stepanova Y.A., Zemskov V.M., Kozlova M.N., Zhavoronkova O.A., Chzhao A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://hepato.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/327">https://hepato.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/327</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Улучшить качество и увеличить продолжительность жизни больных местнораспространенным раком поджелудочной железы. Материал и методы. С 2012 г. криодеструкция лапаротомным доступом была выполнена 36 больным местнораспространенным раком поджелудочной железы. Мужчин было 14 (38,9%), женщин – 22 (61,1%), средний возраст больных – 58 ± 6,8 года. Размер опухолей поджелудочной железы варьировал от 4 до 10 см. Применяли отечественные установки “Крио-МТ”, “КРИО-01” (ЕЛАМЕД), криоаппликаторы 2–5 см. Целевая температура составляла −186 °С, время экспозиции – 3–5 мин. Число сеансов зависело от размера опухоли и варьировало от 1 до 5 (в среднем 2,4). Локальная криодеструкция была дополнена формированием обходных анастомозов в 18 (50%) наблюдениях. Всем больным в дальнейшем проведена адъювантная химиотерапия, в 10 наблюдениях дополненная регионарной химиоэмболизацией. Результаты. Летальных исходов во время криодеструкции и в послеоперационном периоде не было. В ближайшем послеоперационном периоде осложнения отмечены у 14 (38,8%) больных, тяжелые осложнения – у 13,6%. После криодеструкции происходило полное исчезновение болевого синдрома (39,2%) либо значительное его уменьшение (41,6%). Выживаемость больных через 6, 12, 24, 36 мес составила соответственно 92, 84, 48 и 14%, медиана выживаемости – 18,2 мес. Заключение. Криодеструкция при местнораспространенном раке поджелудочной железы является вмешательством, в значительной степени улучшающим качество жизни онкологических пациентов, в первую очередь за счет уменьшения болевого синдрома. В сочетании с химиотерапевтическим лечением отмечено и некоторое увеличение выживаемости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To improve quality and duration of life in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Material and methods. Cryosurgery through laparotomy has been performed in 36 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer since 2012. There were 14 (38.9%) men and 22 (61.1%) women (mean age 58 ± 6.8 years). Dimensions of pancreatic tumors were from 4 to 10 cm. Domestic devices “CRYO-MT”, “CRYO-01”, “ELAMED” and cryoapplicators with a diameter 2–5 cm were applied. Target temperature was about 186 °С, time of exposure – 3–5 min. There were 1–5 sessions of cryoablation (mean 2.4) and their number depended on tumor dimensions. Local cryodestruction was supplemented by bypass anastomoses in 18 patients (50%). All patients subsequently underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with additional regional chemoembolization in 10 of them. Results. There were no lethal outcomes during cryodestruction and in postoperative period. Early postoperative complications occurred in 14 (38.8%) patients, severe complications – in 13.6%. Cryodestruction was followed by complete regression (39.2%) or significant improvement (41.6%) of pain syndrome. 6-, 12-, 24- and 36-month survival was 92%, 84%, 48% and 14%, respectively. Median survival was 18.2 months. Conclusion. Cryodestruction is able to improve patients’ quality of life due to reduced pain syndrome in case of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Certain increase of survival was observed in additional chemotherapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поджелудочная железа</kwd><kwd>рак</kwd><kwd>криохирургия</kwd><kwd>криодеструкция</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd><kwd>отдаленные результаты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pancreas</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>cryosurgery</kwd><kwd>cryodestruction</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd><kwd>long-term results</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Давыдов М.И., Аксель Е.М. Статистика злокачественных новообразований в России и странах СНГ в 2009 г. Вестник ГУ РОНЦ им. Н.Н. Блохина РАМН. 2011; 22 (3): (85) (прил. 1): 172 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davydov M.I., Aksel' E.M. Statistics of malignant neoplasms in Russia and CIS countries in 2009. Vestnik GU RONTs im. N.N. Blokhina RAMN. 2011; 22 (3): (85) (pril. 1): 172 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Напалков Н.П. Заболеваемость и смертность от рака основных локализаций (по материалам сборника ВОЗ “World Health 1995. Bridging the Gaps”). Диагностика и интервенционная радиология опухолей малого таза. Доклад на 23-м Европейском семинаре по диагностической и интервенционной радиологии. Обнинск, 1995 г. 8–9 октября. 35 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Napalkov N.P. Zabolevaemost' i smertnost' ot raka osnovnykh lokalizatsiy (po materialam sbornika VOZ “World Health 1995. Bridging the Gaps”). [Morbidity and mortality from the cancer of major localizations (based on the WHO compendium “World Health 1995. Bridging the Gaps”)]. Diagnosis and interventional radiology of pelvic tumors. Obninsk; 1995. 35 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чиссов В.И., Дарьялова С.Л. Онкология (клинические рекомендации). М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2006. 720 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chissov V.I., Dar'yalova S.L. Onkologiya (klinicheskie rekomendatsii) [Oncology (clinical recommendations)] Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2006. 720 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кубышкин В.А., Вишневский В.А. Рак поджелудочной железы. М.: Медпрактика-М, 2003. 386 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kubyshkin V.A., Vishnevskiy V.A. Rak podzheludochnoy zhelezy [Pancreatic cancer]. Moscow: Medpraktika-M, 2003. 386 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu K.C., Korpan N.N., Niu L.Z. Modern cryosurgery for cancer. World Scientific. 2012. 903 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu K.C., Korpan N.N., Niu L.Z. Modern cryosurgery for cancer. World Scientific. 2012. 903 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warshaw A.L., Castilo C.F. Pancreatic carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 1992; 326 (7): 455–465.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warshaw A.L., Castilo C.F. Pancreatic carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 1992; 326 (7): 455–465.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korpan N.N. Basics of cryosurgery. Wien, New York: ShringerVerlag, 2001. 325 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korpan N.N. Basics of cryosurgery. Wien, New York: ShringerVerlag, 2001. 325 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прохоров Г.Г. Основы криохирургии (Обзор истории и со временного состояния проблемы). Международный сборник научных трудов под ред. д.м.н. В.И. Коченова “Медицинская криология”. Н. Новгород, 2008. Вып. 5. 408 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokhorov G.G. Osnovy kriokhirurgii (Obzor istorii i sovremennogo sostoyaniya problemy) [Basics of cryosurgery (Review of the history and current state of the problem)]. Kochenov V.I., red. N. Novgorod, 2008. Is. 5. 408 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альперович Б.И., Мерзликин Н.В., Комкова Т.Б. Криохирургические операции при заболеваниях печени и поджелудочной железы. Под ред. Альперовича Б.И. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2015. 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al'perovich B.I., Merzlikin N.V., Komkova T.B. Kriokhirurgicheskie operatsii pri zabolevaniyakh pecheni i podzheludochnoy zhelezy [Cryosurgical procedures for liver and pancreatic diseases]. Al'perovich B.I., red. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2015. 240 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu K.C., Niu L.Z., Hu Y.Z. A pilot study on combination of cryosurgery and 125iodine seed implantation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. World J. Gastroenterol. 2008; 14: 1603–1611.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu K.C., Niu L.Z., Hu Y.Z. A pilot study on combination of cryosurgery and 125iodine seed implantation for treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. World J. Gastroenterol. 2008; 14: 1603–1611.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кубышкин В.А., Ионкин Д.А., Кунгурцев С.В., Чжао А.В. История криохирургии. Хирургия. 2015; 5: 62–74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kubyshkin V.A., Ionkin D.A., Kungurtsev S.V., Chzhao A.V. History of cryosurgery. Khirurgiya. Zhurnal imeni N.I. Pirogova. 2015; 5: 62–74. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альперович Б.И. Исторический очерк криохирургии в России. Криохирургия в гепатологии. Достижения криомедицины. СПб.: Наука, 2001: 4–21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al'perovich B. Istoricheskiy ocherk kriokhirurgii [Historical essay of cryosurgery in Russia] Cryosurgery in Hepatology. Dostizheniya kriomeditsiny. SPb.: Nauka; 2001: 4–21. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ханевич М.Д., Манихас Г.М. Криохирургия рака поджелудочной железы. СПб.: Аграф+, 2011. 228 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khanevich M.D., Manikhas G.M. Kriokhirurgiya raka podzheludochnoy zhelezy [Cryosurgery for pancreatic cancer]. SPb.: Agraf+; 2011. 228 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ханевич М.Д., Вашкуров С.М., Семенов А.В., Анисимова А.В. Новые возможности криохирургии в онкологии. Сборник научных трудов 1-й Международной научно- практической конференции “Криохирургия. Современные методы и инновационные технологии”. СПб., 2007: 21–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khanevich M.D., Vashkurov S.M., Semenov A.V., Anisimova A.V. Novyye vozmozhnosti kriokhirurgii v onkologii [New opportunities for cryosurgery in oncology]. Collection of scientific works of the 1st International Scientific and Practical Conference. “Cryosurgery. Modern methods and innovative technologies”. SPb., 2007: 21–28. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цыганов Д.И. Процессы и аппараты. М.: Сайнс-Прейс, 2011. 303 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsyganov D.I. Kriomeditsina. Protsessy i apparaty [Processes and devices]. Moscow: Sayns-Preys; 2011. 303 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovach S.J., Hendrickson R.J., Cappadona C.R. Cryoablation of unresectable cancer. Surgery. 2002; 131 (4): 463–464.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovach S.J., Hendrickson R.J., Cappadona C.R. Cryoablation of unresectable cancer. Surgery. 2002; 131 (4): 463–464.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Prokhorov G., Prokhorov D., Andreev A. et al. Total body hypothermia in cryosurgery. In: Korpan N., ed. Basics of Cryosurgery. Wien: Springer, 2001. 324 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Prokhorov G., Prokhorov D., Andreev A. et al. Total body hypothermia in cryosurgery. In: Korpan N., ed. Basics of Cryosurgery. Wien: Springer, 2001. 324 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чжао А.В., Ионкин Д.А., Степанова Ю.А., Шуракова А.Б. Криодеструкция рака поджелудочной железы. Высокотехно логическая медицина. 2016; 2: 4–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao A.V., Ionkin D.A., Stepanova Yu.A., Shurakova A.B. Cryoablation for pancreatic cancer. Visokotechnologicheskaya medicina. 2016; 2: 4–11. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ducreux M., Cuhna A.S., Caramella C., Hollebecque A., Burtin P., Goere D., Seufferlein T., Haustermans K., Van Laethem J.L., Conroy T., Arnold D. Cancer of the pancreas: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2015; (Suppl. 5): v56–v68. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ducreux M., Cuhna A.S., Caramella C., Hollebecque A., Burtin P., Goere D., Seufferlein T., Haustermans K., Van Laethem J.L., Conroy T., Arnold D. Cancer of the pancreas: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann. Oncol. 2015; (Suppl. 5): v56–v68. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chu K.F., Dupuy D.E. Thermal ablation of tumors: biological mechanisms and advances in therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 2014; 14 (3): 199–208. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chu K.F., Dupuy D.E. Thermal ablation of tumors: biological mechanisms and advances in therapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 2014; 14 (3): 199–208. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gage A.A., Bauhst J. Mechanisms of tissue injury in cryosurgery. Cryobiology. 1998; 37 (3): 171–186.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gage A.A., Bauhst J. Mechanisms of tissue injury in cryosurgery. Cryobiology. 1998; 37 (3): 171–186.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гранов А.М., Давыдов М.И. Интервенционная радиология в онкологии (Пути развития). Научно-практическое издание. СПб.: ФОЛИАНТ, 2013. 545 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Granov A.M., Davydov M.I. Intervencionnaya radiologia v oncologii (Puti razvitia) [Interventional radiology in oncology]. Scientific and practical publication. SPb.: FOLYANT, 2013. 545 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Альперович Б.И., Комкова Т.Б., Мерзликин Н.В. Основы криохирургии печени и поджелудочной железы. Томск: Печатная мануфактура, 2006. 232 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al'perovich B.I., Komkova T.B., Merzlikin N.V. Osnovi kriokhirurgii pecheni i podzheludochnoy zhelezy [Basics of liver and pancreatic cryosurgery]. Tomsk: Pechatnaya manufactura, 2006. 232 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keogan M.T., Edelman R.R. Technologic advances in abdominal MR imaging. Radiol. 2001; 220 (2): 310–320.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keogan M.T., Edelman R.R. Technologic advances in abdominal MR imaging. Radiol. 2001; 220 (2): 310–320.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsumoto R., Selig A.M., Colucci V.M., Jolesz F.A. MR monitoring during cryoterapy in the liver: predictability of histologic outcome. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging. 1993; 3 (5): 770–776.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsumoto R., Selig A.M., Colucci V.M., Jolesz F.A. MR monitoring during cryoterapy in the liver: predictability of histologic outcome. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging. 1993; 3 (5): 770–776.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morrin M.M., Rofsky N.M. Techniques for liver MR imaging. Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N. Am. 2001; 9 (4): 75–96.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morrin M.M., Rofsky N.M. Techniques for liver MR imaging. Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N. Am. 2001; 9 (4): 75–96.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чжао А.В., Земсков В.М., Козлова М.Н., Ионкин Д.А. Мониторинг иммунного статуса при криодеструкции злокачественных опухолей поджелудочной железы. Высокотехнологическая медицина. 2017; 4: 5–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao A.V., Zemskov V.M., Kozlova M.N., Ionkin D.A. Immune monitoring during cryoablation of pancreatic malignancies. Visokotechnologicheskaya medicina. 2016; 4: 5–11. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waitz R., Solomon S.B., Petre E.N., Trumble A.E., Fassò M., Norton L., Allison J.P. Potent induction of tumor immunity by combination tumor cryoablation with anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Cancer Res. 2012; 72 (2): 430–439. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1782.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waitz R., Solomon S.B., Petre E.N., Trumble A.E., Fassò M., Norton L., Allison J.P. Potent induction of tumor immunity by combination tumor cryoablation with anti-CTLA-4 therapy. Cancer Res. 2012; 72 (2): 430–439. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-1782.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sabel M.S., Nehs M.A., Su G., Lowler K.P., Ferrara J.L., Chang A.E. Immunologic response to cryoablation of breast cancer. Breast Cancer. Res. Treat. 2005; 90 (1): 97–104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sabel M.S., Nehs M.A., Su G., Lowler K.P., Ferrara J.L., Chang A.E. Immunologic response to cryoablation of breast cancer. Breast Cancer. Res. Treat. 2005; 90 (1): 97–104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Korpan N.N. Cryosurgery: ultrastructural changes in pancreas tissue after low temperature exposure. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 2007; 6 (2): 59–67. DOI: 10.1177/153303460700600202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Korpan N.N. Cryosurgery: ultrastructural changes in pancreas tissue after low temperature exposure. Technol. Cancer Res. Treat. 2007; 6 (2): 59–67. DOI: 10.1177/153303460700600202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
